![[image75.jpeg]] This model explains how visual information would be analyzed by the brain. Each "module" (composed of a green and light blue set of cells) analyzes a specific region of the visual field. Where the green and light blue represent the column of ocular dominance, and the other subdivisions represent the orientation preferences of cells in these columns. The subsequent module would analyze the neighboring part of the visual field, thus allowing retinotopy. **Orientation and Ocular Dominance Columns** **Orientation Columns Measured with Optical Imaging** ![[image76.jpeg|500]] As it can be expected, the model proposed by Hubel & Wiesel is not perfectly accurate, as in biology we rarely see such well defined columns. What it has been measured and represented to the right is the organization of cells in orientation columns. ![[ETH/ETH - Systems Neuroscience/Images - ETH Systems Neuroscience/image77.png]] While in this figure above, we have a representation of the relation between ocular dominance (thick dark lines) and orientation preference columns (grey lines). It is peculiar to notice that most of the intersections between the two types of columns tends to be perpendicular. **Columnar Organization** The column is the elementary unit of calculation in the visual cortex. The signals from both eyes for all orientations are represented in one column. ![[ETH/ETH - Systems Neuroscience/Images - ETH Systems Neuroscience/image78.png]]