Notes

The cone mosaic refers to the pattern of cones across the retina, which varies across the retina and between individuals. In the fovea, which is the central region of the retina responsible for high-resolution vision, the cone cells are densely packed and arranged in a regular pattern. This regular arrangement of cone cells is important for high visual acuity, as it allows for precise and detailed information to be transmitted to the brain. In this area, as it can be seen from the figure, we have close-to-none blue cones and an higher density of red cones over green ones. In the peripheral retina, the cone cells are more widely spaced and arranged in a less regular pattern. This arrangement is not as critical for high-resolution vision, as the peripheral retina is more specialized for detecting motion and changes in brightness. The second image shows the inter-individual variability in the cones distribution among human subjects with normal color vision.