Notes
A collection of fragments of understanding in the pursuit of deeper questions.
Contents
- Computational Vision
- Introduction to Data Science
- Translational Neuromodeling
- Deep Learning in Artificial & Biological Neuronal Networks
- Introduction to Neuroinformatics
- Intro to Neuroscience
- Systems Neuroscience
- Readings in Neuroinformatics
- Neurobiology of Consciousness
- Econometrics
- Principles of Finance
- Big Data & Databases
- Game Theory
- Intro to Blockchain
- Marketing Analytics
- Financial Accounting
- Fundamentals of Computer Science
- Foundamentals of Information Technology Law
- Statistics
- Computer Programming
- Macroeconomics
- EU Information Law & Data Economy
- Advanced Mathematics & Statistics
- Principles of Management
- Mathematics
- Microeconomics
Hypothalamus
A major part of the limbic system is the hypothalamus with its related structures. They control:
- Emotional behaviour
- Internal conditions of the body such as temperature, osmolality of the body fluids, and drives to eat and drink, and to control body weight. These are collectively called Vegetative Functions of the Brain.
Functional Anatomy of the Limbic System: Key Position of the Hypothalamus
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Hypothalamus, a Major Control Headquarters for the Limbic System
From this view of a cut of the Hypothalamus, the functions of specific regions can be appreciated.
Hypothalamus represents less than 1% of the brain mass. It is one of the most important of the control pathways of the limbic system. It controls most of the Vegetative and Endocrine Functions of the body as well as many aspects of Emotional Behaviour.
Vegetative and Endocrine Control Functions of the Hypothalamus
- Cardiovascular Regulation
- Regulation of Body Temperature
- Regulation of Body water
- Regulation of Uterine Contractility and of Milk Ejection from the Breasts
- Gastrointestinal and Feeding Regulation
- Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area results to extreme hunger, voracious appetite and intense desire for food.
- Damage this area causes lose of desire for food, causing lethal starvation.
Hypothalamic Control of Endocrine Hormone Secretion by the Anterior Pituitary Gland.
Behavioral Functions of the Hypothalamus and Associated Limbic Structures
Effects Caused by Stimulation
- Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus causes thirst and eating, increased general level of activity, leading to overt rage and fighting (strict connection with ANS).
- Stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus causes sense of satiety, decreased eating and tranquility.
- Stimulation of a thin zone of periventricular nuclei, leads to fear and punishment reactions.
- Sexual drive can be stimulated from several areas of the hypothalamus especially the anterior and most of the posterior portions of the hypothalamus.
Effects Caused by Hypothalamic Lesions Cause effects opposite to those caused by stimulation.